Tiktaalik roseae
Tiktaalik roseae is a species of sarcopterygia, found from the Late Devonian of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago that exhibit an intermediate form between fishes and tetrapods 1), and its body length is about 80 cm (measured on Fig. 5 of the reference 5), or there is an estimation from 1.25 to 2.75 m 6)Note).
As the shoulder and elbow of the pectoral fin are flexible, Tiktaalik can raise up and support the body by the pectoral fin, using like the forelimb 4), 6). The head mobility is also improved, and these features is considered to influence its locomotion and feeding in shallow water and at the water's edge 2).
Although the pelvic girdle and pelvic fin are about the same size as the pectoral girdle and pectoral fin, the pelvic fins were unable to hold the body up and would not have played a role in propulsion for walking on land 7). However, the pelvic fins were capable of various movements in the water, which would have eventually led to the ability of terrestrial walking 7).
Presumably, Tiktaalik livde in shallow freshwater such as channels, waterfronts, and tidal ftats around deltas and estuaries 1), 2), 3), 5), 6).
References:
- Daeschler EB, Shubin NH, Jenkins Jr. FA (2006) A Devonian tetrapod-like fish and the evolution of the tetrapod body plan. Nature 440 : 757 - 763. (DOI : 10.1038/nature04639).
- Downs JP, Daeschler EB, Jenkins FA, Shubin NH (2008) The cranial endoskeleton of Tiktaalik roseae. Nature 455 : 925 - 929. (DOI : 10.1038/nature07189.) (The full-text was referred to ResearchGate.)
- Elpistostegalians (From water to land - Miguasha National Park -) (Retrieved October 15, 2023.)
- Shubin NH, Daeschler EB, Jenkins Jr. FA (2006) The pectoral fin of Tiktaalik roseae and the origin of the tetrapod limb. [abstract] Nature 440 : 764 - 771. (DOI : 10.1038/nature04637).
- Shubin NH, Daeschler EB, Jenkins Jr. FA (2014) Pelvic girdle and fin of Tiktaalik roseae. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 111(3) : 893 - 899. (DOI : 10.1073/pnas.1322559111.)
- Stewart TA, Lemberga JB, Taft NK, Yoo I, Daeschler EB, Shubin NH (2020) Fin ray patterns at the fin-to-limb transition. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 117(3) : 1612 - 1620. (DOI : 10.1073/pnas.1915983117.)
- Stewart TA, Lemberg JB, Hillan EJ, Magallanes I, Daeschler EB, Shubin NH (2023) Axial regionalization in Tiktaalik roseae and the origin of quadrupedal locomotion. bioRxiv 2023.01.11.523301. (DIO: 10.1101/2023.01.11.523301).
created in June - December 2023.